Taking Action for Biodiversity, Part 2

PENCINTA ALAM JULY 2012
GREEN LIVING COLUMN

TAKING ACTION FOR BIODIVERSITY, PART 2
(Edited and compiled by Wong Ee Lynn
gl.mnselangor@yahoo.com)



1. Water is indispensable to the health of the Planet and that of its occupants, whether they are animals or plants. There is enough water for everyone and everything but, unfortunately, it is badly distributed and often badly managed. Here in Malaysia, we often use potable water indiscriminately and excessively.
Here is how you can save drinking water: water your plants with rainwater,
preferably at the end of the day (to avoid evaporation), recover grey water
(dishwater, bathwater, shower water) and use it for flushing the toilet and cleaning floors with.

2. Some local authorities are now making an effort to plan and manage roadsides and road dividers as a way of promoting biodiversity.
If this is not yet the case in your area, you might suggest that the department concerned try these easy-to-apply principles: plant only local species, replace chemical pesticides and fertilisers with ecological equivalents, use mulch and groundcover to limit the growth of
undesirable plants and to reduce watering, compost green waste and
use the compost to feed the soil in the dry season, practise late mowing, and keep some refuge areas.

3. Would you like to take advantage of your vacation to protect biodiversity? Then why not become an eco-volunteer!
By discovering places inaccessible to ordinary tourists, you can actively help nature protection associations by participating in research and conservation projects.
And you do not need to be an expert in biology or environmental sciences – anyone can take part in the activities proposed. You can volunteer with the Borneo Sun Bear Conservation Centre in Sabah (http://sunbears.wildlifedirect.org/), the Turtle Conservation Society in Terengganu (http://www.turtleconservationsociety.org.my/) and the Malaysian Conservation Alliance for Tigers (http://malayantiger.net/v4/mycat).

4. How does one transform a garden – your own, the garden at your children’s school or on your company’s premises – into a natural refuge for biodiversity? Refuse to use chemical pesticides and fertilisers.
Help spontaneous vegetation grow in a corner of the garden and practise late mowing which makes it possible for plant species to reproduce and
diversify and creates a shelter for many animals. Set up a pond or preserve a dead tree (its cavities can host a variety of animals), leave a log pile or a pile of stones for small mammals, amphibians and various invertebrates. Diversify a hedge with indigenous species. Plant bee-foraging plants which attract large numbers of insects as well as bees.

5. Like detergents, most cosmetics sold today contain chemical products (preservatives, synthetic perfumes, surfactants, etc.) which are not biodegradable and are therefore harmful to biodiversity, particularly the aquatic environments into which they are carried by waste water.
Use eco-cosmetics: wash with Marseilles (Castile) soap, perfume your
bath with a few drops of essential oil of lavender, clean your skin
with an extraction of camomile or blueberry, exfoliate it with
wheat- or oat bran, nourish it with sunflower or olive oil.

6. Contrary to what you might think, there is often more biodiversity in the city than in the country (where monocultures prevail, in both fields and plantations). Surprisingly, there is a great variety of biotypes in the city. Public and private gardens, ponds, parks, forests, streets and avenues, vacant land, wasteland, railway sidings, water-course embankments and even balconies. Even small cracks in sidewalks, at the base of buildings or in walls are colonised by a multitude of wild plants.
But this biodiversity is vulnerable: it is not strong enough to withstand cement mixers and steamrollers.

7. The intensive growing of traditional cotton uses only 3% of cultivable surface area but 25% of the insecticides sold around the world. Soil exhaustion, deforestation, massive irrigation, pollution of free groundwater, exposure of agricultural workers and local species to toxic substances... intensive cotton farming is particularly harmful both to the environment and to human beings.
On the other hand, extensive growing of eco-cotton, with natural fertilisers and pesticides, requires less water, preserves soil fertility (because it is alternated with other crops), and produces cotton that has softer, more resistant fibres. In addition, eco-cotton is hypoallergenic because it is not chemically treated when made into clothing.

8. When you eat local products where they are grown and produced, you are supporting the farmers who grow indigenous species and thus limiting the pollution caused by transport. This is good for both the local economy and for biodiversity. Always refuse dishes made from threatened species (turtle steak, red-tuna sushi, sea cucumber, bush meat, etc.) or those whose production has a negative impact on local biodiversity (fishing or hunting without respect for minimum sizes or quotas, cultivation that requires deforestation of a large area, etc.) Neither should you accept traditional remedies and cosmetics based on rhinoceros horn, elephant tusk, tiger meat or bone, the musk from musk deer, etc.
A list of threatened species is available at: www.cites.org and
www.iucnredlist.org

9. Wood has at least two advantages: it is more resistant than plastic and it is not derived from oil. Make sure you choose only FSC- or PEFC-certified furniture. This means that the wood from which it is made comes from sustainably managed forests To treat the wood, choose natural products based on linseed oil, beeswax or vegetable oil.
For more information about these labels, look up:
www.fsc.org and www.pefc.org.

10. Reduce your consumption of meat. In order to raise livestock, it is necessary to have pastures or to produce forage (soy, corn, beets, colza, etc.), all of which requires a very large surface area, often carved out at the expense of forests. In addition, it takes an enormous amount of
water and pesticides to grow forage crops, resulting in the exhaustion and pollution of free groundwater. And that is not all! When ruminants digest, they produce vast quantities of methane, one of the most potent greenhouse gases, particularly when they are fed with protein crops, such as soy.
Finally, too much meat is not good for us (hypocholesterolaemia, cancer, diabetes, etc.). Instead, eat lentils, eggs, cheese, legumes or fruit several times a week.